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Sunday, July 3, 2011

Home Remedies for common diseases

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COLDS 
Mix a gram of cinnamon powder with a teaspoon of honey to cure cold. Prepare a cup of tea to which you should add ginger, clove, bay leaf and black pepper. This should be consumed twice a day. Reduce the intake as the cold disappears.







GINGER FOR COLDS. 

Ginger tea is very good to cure cold. Preparation of tea: cut ginger into small pieces and boil it with water, boil it a few times and then add sugar to sweeten and milk to taste, and drink it hot.

                          CLICK ON IMAGES TO ENLARGE THEM




DRY COUGHS.


Add a gram of turmeric powder to a teaspoon of honey for curing dry cough. Also chew a cardamom for a long time.

BLOCKED NOSE.


For blocked nose or to relieve congestion, take a table spoon of crushed carom seeds
and tie it in a cloth and inhale it.


SORE THROAT. 

Add a tea spoon of cumin seeds and a few small pieces of dry ginger to a glass of boiling water. Simmer it for a few minutes, and then let it cool. Drink it twice daily. This will cure cold as well as sore throat.





 


AJWAIN/AJMO FOR ASTHMA. 

 



Boil ajwain in water and inhale the steam.



CURE FOR BACKACHE..



Rub ginger paste on the backache to get relief.

GARLIC FOR HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE.



Have 1-2 pod garlic first thing in the morning with water




HONEY AND GINGER FOR HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE. 


Mix 1 table spoon and 1 table spoon ginger (adrak) juice, 1 table spoon of crushed cumin seeds and have it twice daily.



MIGRAINE. . 

For the cure of migraine or acute cold in the head; boil a tablespoon of pepper powder, and a pinch of turmeric in a cup of milk, and have it
daily for a few couple of days.


BITTER GOURD IS GOOD..


A tablespoon of amla juice mixed with a cup of fresh bitter gourd juice and taken daily for 2 months reduces blood sugar.

TURMERIC CURE FOR INJURIES


For any cut or wound, apply turmeric powder to the injured portion to stop the bleeding. It also works as an antiseptic. You can tie a
bandage after applying haldi/turmeric.

CRAMPS




You must do a self-massage using mustard oil every morning. Just take a little oil between your palms and rub it all over your body. Then take a shower. This is especially beneficial during winter. You could also mix a little mustard powder with water to make a paste and apply this on your palms and soles of your feet.

HEADACHES.


If you have a regular migraine problem, include five almonds along with hot milk in your daily diet. You could also have a gram of black pepper along with honey or milk, twice or thrice a day. Make an almond paste by rubbing wet almonds against a stone. This can be applied to forehead.



Eat an apple with a little salt on an empty stomach everyday and see its wonderful effects. OR When headache is caused by cold winds, cinnamon works best in curing headache. Make a paste of cinnamon by mixing in water and apply it all over your forehead


FOR ARTHRITIS.


Turmeric can be used in treating arthritis due to its anti-inflammatory property. Turmeric can be taken as a drink other than adding to dishes to help prevent all problems. Use one teaspoon of turmeric powder per cup of warm milk every day. It is also used as a paste for local action.


GOOD FOR THE HEART 


Turmeric lower cholesterol and by preventing the formation of the internal blood clots improves circulation and prevents heart disease and stroke. Turmeric can be taken as a drink other than adding to dishes to help prevent all problems. Use one teaspoon of turmeric powder per cup
of warm milk every day. It is also used as a paste for local action.

GOOD FOR INDIGESTION 


Turmeric can be used to relieve digestive problems like ulcers, dysentery. Turmeric can be taken as a drink other than adding to dishes to help prevent all problems. Use one teaspoon of turmeric powder per cup of warm milk every day. It is also used as a paste for local action.


HONEY IS A GOOD CURE FOR ALL DISEASES

Mix 1 teaspoon honey with 1 teaspoon cinnamon powder and have at night.

HICCUPS


Take a warm slice of lemon and sprinkle salt, sugar and black pepper on it.. The lemon should be eaten until the hiccups stop.



HIGH BLOOD CHOLESTEROL


In 1 glass of water, add 2 tbsps of coriander/dhania seeds and bring to a boil. Let the decoction cool for some time and then strain. Drink this mixture two times in a day. OR Sunflower seeds are extremely beneficial, as they contain linoleic acid that helps in reducing the cholesterol
deposits on the walls of arteries.

PILES 

Radish juice should be taken twice a day, once in the morning and then later in the night. Initially drink about ? cup of radish juice and then gradually increase it to ? cup. OR Soak 3-4 figs in a glass of water Keep it overnight. Consume the figs on an empty stomach, the next day in the morning



VOMITING


Take 2 cardamoms/elachi and roast them on a dry pan (tava). Powder the cardamoms and thereafter add a tsp of honey in it. Consume it frequently. It serves as a fabulous home remedy for vomiting. OR In the mixture of 1 tsp of mint juice and 1 tsp limejuice, add ? tsp of ginger juice and 1 tsp honey. Drink this mixture to prevent vomiting. OR Limejuice is an effective remedy for vomiting. Take a glass of chilled limejuice and sip slowly. To prevent vomiting, drink ginger tea. OR In 1 glass water, add some honey and drink sip by sip.




WARTS


Apply castor oil daily over the problematic area. Continue for several months. OR Apply milky juice of fresh and barely-ripe figs a number of times a day. Continue for two weeks. OR Rub cut raw potatoes on the affected area several times daily. Continue for at least two weeks. OR Rub cut onions on the warts to stimulate the circulation of blood.. OR Apply milk from the cut end of dandelion over the warts 2-3 times a day. OR Apply oil extracted from the shell of the cashew nut over the warts. OR Apply Papaya juice OR Apply Pineapple juice.




URINARY TRACT INFECTION 


In 8 oz of water, put ? tsp of baking soda and drink it. OR Drink plenty of water, as it aids in flushing out the waste products from the body. OR Drink Cranberry juice. You can also add some apple juice for taste.




SINUSITIS


Mango serves as an effective home remedy for preventing the frequent attacks of sinus, as it is packed with loads of vitamin A. OR Another beneficial remedy consists of consuming pungent foods like onion and garlic, as a part of your daily meals. OR Fenugreek/methi leaves are considered valuable 


Saturday, July 2, 2011

Improved Diagnostics and Monitoring, Surgical Devices, and Personal Technology(newly discovered surgical devices 2011)

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2011 Capstone II Teams and Projects

First Place, 2011 Capstone Design Awards
Team 1: BACHomeSafe: Smart-Phone Alcohol Breath Detector to Reduce Drinking and Driving
Ariel Ash-Shakoor, Tahnee Hasan, Stevephen Hung, Synthia Mariadhas, and Mai Tran
Faculty Advisor: Assistant Professor Ian White
Mentor: Officer William Morrison, Traffic Division—Chemical Testing for Alcohol Unit, Montgomery County Police
Alcohol plays a role in one third of all traffic deaths, costing thousands of lives and billions of dollars in damage and medical expenses every year. Team 1 designed BACHomeSafe to help people determine their blood alcohol content (BAC) before they head for the car. The two-part system uses an inexpensive, portable breath alcohol analyzer to send its results wirelessly to any Android-based smartphone running the BACHomSafe app, which is also capable of tracking results over time. Team 1 says their system will help people avoid excess drinking, make responsible decisions about when to stop and whether to drive, understand BAC and impairment levels, and automatically call friends, a taxi, or even an ambulance if necessary.




Third Place (TIE), 2011 Capstone Design Awards
PulseLife: A Portable Pulse-Oximeter Monitor with Direct Audiojack Connection to Smartphone
Thomas Metzger, David Minor, Corinne Riggin, Jessica Stewart, and Edward Vogel III
Faculty Advisor: Professor Yang Tao
Mentor: Dr. Ron Samet, University of Maryland School of Medicine
A pulse oximeter is a device that indirectly measures the oxygen saturation of hemoglobin based on the color of the blood it "sees" when a light is shined through an area of skin. It is used to monitor a patient's condition during and after surgery, or in cases of cardiac distress. Team 2 discovered that this essential piece of medical equipment is present in only five percent of operating rooms in third world countries. Existing portable units require external power sources (which may not exist in facilities off the grid), cannot store patient data, and typically retail for more than hospitals in impoverished nations can afford. To solve the problem and meet a global need, Team 2 designed an inexpensive pulse oximeter that connects to a smartphone using its standard audio jack. The device amplifies and modulates the oximeter's DC signal, converts the voltage to an analog frequency signal, and sends it to the phone. An app running on the phone interprets the changes in dynamic frequency, calculates the patient's pulse and oxygen levels, and displays the information. The data can be saved for future review.




LifeBeats: Wireless Portable EKG Machine on Android Platform
Avinash Hiriyanna, Tony Kallracakal, Timothy Mahoney, Krishan Patel, and Mark Saxman
Faculty Advisor: Professor Yang Tao
Mentor: Dr. Ramesh Patel, M.D.
Electrocardiograms (ECG, EKG), which display a record of the heart's electrical activity, are used to search for abnormalities or monitor a patient's condition after a heart attack. Most existing technology involves larger pieces of equipment with wire leads, and data output to paper. These devices, made by multiple companies, do not share a common platform, so data cannot be exchanged between brands or easily transferred between emergency response teams and the hospital. Team 3 set out to solve these problems by creating a noninvasive, completely wireless system based on the Android operating system platform. LifeBeats records a patient's EKG using a small, lead-less monitor worn against the skin, and can send the data to any one of the millions of Android-based smartphones and tablet computers, providing a consistent, easy-to-use interface, reducing costs, and enabling different teams of providers to quickly share patient data.

A Surgical Tool for Minimally Invasive Mitral Valve Repair
Kelsey Nadig, Adam Pampori, Zachary Russ, and Dominick Valenzano
Faculty Advisor: Assistant Professor Ian White
Mentor: Dr. James S. Gammie, M.D., Associate Professor of Cardiac Surgery, University of Maryland Medical Center
Mitral valve repair is an open-heart surgery that corrects the narrowing or leaking of the inflow valve that conducts blood from the left atrium to the left ventricle. In order to repair the valve by replacing its chordal apparatus (the elastic "heart strings" that support it) with GORE-TEX® sutures, a surgical team must cut through a patient's sternum and stop the heart. Team 4 hopes to drastically reduce the risk, difficulty, cost, and recovery time associated with the procedure by creating a tool that would allow surgeons to perform a minimally invasive, heart-beating repair with the same results as conventional surgery. They designed a patent-pending, hollow needle made out of a deformable, shape-memory alloy called nitinol. The needle enters the heart through a catheter, which is inserted into the patient using only a small incision. The needle pierces the valve leaflet while straight. In response to a change in temperature, the needle makes a U-turn and pierces the heart again. The suture material is drawn through this curve and out a hole in the apex of the heart. Another change in temperature straightens the needle and allows it to be withdrawn. The slack is pulled and the suture is tied off at the correct length, leaving a stitch behind.

Team 4's physician mentor, Dr. James S. Gammie, performed and narrated a traditional mitral valve repair operation 

MarrowScope: A Fiber Optic Bone Marrow Biopsy Needle
Jeff Misiewicz, Bao-Ngoc Nguyen, Ashutosh Poudyal, and Kelliann Wachrathit
Faculty Advisor: Assistant Professor Yu Chen
Mentor: Dr. Peter Ledakis, Mercy Hospital, Baltimore

Bone marrow biopsies are used to diagnose certain cancers, blood disorders, infections, and anemia. After numbing the patient, a hollow needle is inserted at the hip or sternum. When it reaches bone, it is twisted until it bores through, so a core sample of marrow can be collected and removed. About 700,000 of these procedures are performed in the U.S. each year, and many of them encounter problems: osteoporosis or obesity may make reaching marrow difficult, the sample may be contaminated by muscle cells, or the sample obtained might not be large enough. Team 5 invented MarrowScope, a fiber optic cable system threaded through the biopsy needle, to help doctors determine what tissue is being penetrated and collected, improving the procedure's chance of success. MarrowScope works by measuring the unique amount of light each tissue type reflects. The device has a high level of sensitivity, is resistant to electromagnetic interference from other equipment, is cost-effective, and can be scaled and adapted for other types of biopsies.

E.A.R.: Electronic Auditory Receiver
Anike Freeman, Kelly Grob, Christina Hitz, and Helen Ji
Faculty Advisor: Associate Professor Benjamin Shapiro
Mentor: Cynthia Compton Conley, Professor of Hearing, Speech, and Language Sciences, Gallaudet University
Using Android-based smartphones and Bluetooth devices, Team 6 created a new assistive alert device for the deaf and hearing impaired, designed to compliment existing means of communication and provide a discrete alternative for those unwilling to wear a hearing aid. Their solution, E.A.R., combines the Android operating system's native voice recognition and speech-to-text features with a specially designed app that analyzes ambient noise for predetermined words or sounds, and sends a vibratory alert to a Bluetooth-enabled bracelet when they are "heard." In a demonstration of their prototype, the team showed how the E.A.R. could alert its owner that someone was calling his or her name, something that might otherwise be difficult to accomplish in a crowded public setting. The device can recognize names used in different contexts, such as "Susan," "Mrs. Smith," and "Mom." The team plans to add recognition of "emergency sounds" to future versions of the E.A.R, such as sirens or horns, which will give its users increased awareness of their surroundings and promote safety. The E.A.R. is easy and inexpensive to implement using existing technology, provides a low cost mechanism for data transfer, and has few privacy concerns because it is designed to listen to and filter sounds in public situations.

Third Place (TIE), 2011 Capstone Design Awards
CoagCapture: An Anticoagulant Monitoring Device
Charles Chiang, Kathy Jee, Christine Lim, Ka To, and Kathy Wann
Faculty Advisor: Professor Yang Tao
Mentor: Dr. James Lightfoot, M.D., Washington Adventist Hospital
Blood clotting, a natural part of wound healing, may occasionally cause complications after an injury or surgery. Excessive clotting can lead to blockages in blood vessels, resulting in embolisms, deep vein thrombosis, or a stroke. Each year, hundreds of thousands of patients using the drug Warfarin, an anti-coagulant, must be closely monitored due to its small therapeutic range and its potential to cause its own dangerous side effects. Patients come in for special blood tests two or three times week while using Warfarin, and their doctors may wait up to a week for the results of each test. Team 7 created CoagCapture, a portable, at-home testing device for patients using Warfarin. CoagCapture almost immediately displays blood test results and transmits them from the patient's smartphone to the doctor's, reducing the time, effort, delays and cost associated with monitoring the drug's effects. The device uses a combination of a heated test strip, a signal circuit, and the phone's audio output and input to measure the electrical impedance of the blood and report the results to an app on the phone. The team estimates the device will cost $900-$1100 less than existing comparable portable systems.


A Novel Delivery Mechanism for Bioprobes Monitoring Renal Health in Real-Time
Amin Asemani, David Gaddes, Mostafa Lotfi, Sindhu Raghunandan, and Martin Vilarino
Faculty Advisor: Assistant Professor Ian White
Mentors: Professor Elias Balaras, Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, George Washington University; Dr. Bartley Griffith, M.D., Professor, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine; and Dr. Thomas Pallone, Professor of Medicine and Physiology, Division of Nephrology, University of Maryland School of Medicine
Monitoring kidney function is not only important to those living with renal disease, but also to patients at risk of kidney failure after surgery. The most common method of assessing kidney health and function is to analyze a urine sample, which requires turnaround time and yields varying results based on the patient's metabolism, diet, and blood flow. To help doctors monitor post-operative patients, and to assist those engaged in related research, Team 8 designed a minimally-invasive delivery device for an existing fiber optic bioprobe, Oxford Optronix's OxyLite, that would allow kidney health and treatment efficacy to be monitored in real-time, without the need to collect and process multiple urine samples.

The device uses a nested needle design, a delivery mechanism already familiar to many doctors. The outer needle is inserted through a small incision in the patient's back and guided via ultrasound to his or her kidney. Once it arrives, its inner needle penetrates the organ's cortex and proceeds inside. The outer needle is withdrawn and the thin fiber optic wire bioprobe is guided to its destination through the inner needle, which is also then removed. The bioprobe can remain in the patient for three to five days after surgery. When no longer needed, it can be gently withdrawn from the body through the original small incision.

In addition to reducing risk of kidney failure, Team 8's device, which is compatible with other kinds of bioprobes, could be used to monitor drug efficacy, assist in planning and guiding roadiotherapy for cancer patients, and save time and money.

Second Place, 2011 Capstone Design Awards
Development of a Personal Wireless ECG System with Remote Monitoring Capability
Joshua Hoffman, Tyler Keay, Natan Simhai, and Andrew Zayac.
Faculty Advisor: Associate Professor Keith Herold
Mentor: Dr. John Arnold, M.D.
Heart-monitoring implants and wearable devices used by high-risk patients are capable of sending warnings and data to doctors and patients. Their ability to continuously monitor the heart's electrical activity (electrocardiogram, or ECG) and log abnormalities has allowed them save lives by warning of heart attacks before they occur, and by drastically shortening the time between the detection of a problem and medical intervention. Existing devices for monitoring a patient's ECG, however, either do not have a user interface, or can display but not transfer data.

Team 9, like their colleagues in Team 3, took a new approach to the concept by combining a noninvasive ECG monitor with a smartphone application and a remote web site that can be used to display and analyze data in realtime. Their prototype processes and transmits ECG information from the patient using existing Bluetooth wireless technology to any Android-based smartphone. A custom app on the phone both displays the ECG and sends the data to a web site, allowing doctors, patients, caregivers and EMTs to access the information immediately from almost anywhere, or to review logged data. The phone running the ECG app detects the wearable device's Bluetooth hardware automatically within a range of ten meters. Team 9 believes their combination of a wearable device and near-ubiquitous use of cell phones and web sites can now make this life-saving technology available to an entire at-risk population.




A Muscle Cramp Alleviating Sleeve
Patrick Fernandes, Peter Hoang, Ayedee Manneh, A.J. Mensh, and Tom Zhu
Faculty Advisor: Associate Professor Hubert Montas
Exercise associated muscle cramping (EAMC) results from a combination of strenuous exercise and a decrease in fluids and electrolytes. Noting that all current treatments for EAMC are designed to be used before or after an activity, often creating a painful delay in treatment, Team 10 created a wearable biomedical device capable of sensing and responding to an individual's muscle cramps as they occur. Their prototype takes the form of a sleeve worn on the calf, a common cramping site. The sleeve is equipped with surface electrodes that create an electromyogram (EMG), a record of the electrical activity generated by a muscle as it expands and contracts. The signal generated by these changes in voltage are conditioned and sent to the sleeve's microprocessor, which determines whether a cramp is in progress. If a cramp is detected, the microprocessor sends electric pulses to shape memory alloy components within the sleeve, arranged in a formation called a NanoMuscle. The current causes the NanoMuscle alloy to expand and contract down the length of the sleeve, simulating a massage and immediately helping to alleviate pain and discomfort.

The device is trained to respond to its individual wearers. Before use, an athlete produces a baseline EMG to determine his or her muscles' states of relaxation and maximum contraction. Based on these measurements, the sleeve will activate only if a contraction occurs that exceeds an intensity unique to the individual, and is sustained for a specific period of time.

Advanced Suture Device: Needleless Design for Scar-Less and Infection Free Wound Healing
Martin Enos, Prashant Rao, and Jin Xiao

Advisor: Dr. Martha Connolly, Director, Mtech Partnerships
Team 10 designed a patent-pending medical device that could reduce or prevent the swelling, scarring, and infections that are sometimes associated with the stitching and stapling of surgical wounds or cuts. The system's noninvasive, needle-free technology also eliminates accidental needlestick injuries during treatment, which in turn prevents the transmission of diseases including hepatitis and HIV between patients and healthcare providers. The product's design uses a combination of a flexible frame and sterile medical adhesives to gently draw the edges of an open wound togethe

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